Pythagorean marvels in the Okra patch

akan Pi e “ROA AN Pythagorean Marvels in the Okra Patch Author(s): Michael P. Froman Source: Science, New Series, Vol. 164, No. 3881 (May 16, 1969), pp. 769-770 Published by: American Association for the Advancement of Science Stable URL: http://www jstor.org/stable/1726664 Accessed: 07/08/2011 10:57 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at http://wwwjstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org. American Association for the Advancement of Science is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Science. http://www jstor.org

objectives of the U.S. food program of the Department of Agriculture are very laudable, but I am reminded of a very recent nutritional debacle which was forced on the public by no less Letters an agency than the Food and Drug Ad| ministration. The E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company developed a process for producing L-lysine in abundance and relevant client systems; (ii) pointed out the dangers of a preconceived so- Conservation Plan: A Classic Pattern of Defeat then proceeded to foster research, both within and without the company, from p. lution; (iii) uncovered the history of eminent domain failures at an earlier 1180) of the defeat of the Brandywine Basin Plan is another example of what 1967, when opnutritional qualities of the standard loaf position had become formidable; and of bread. But for some obscure reason, Mar., (14 account Thompson’s stage than summer, 1952-60 to show that L-lysine, added as a free amino acid, could improve the is now virtually a classic pattern. A (iv) planned an information campaign the FDA forbade the addition of Lplan considered good by technical exthat provided for two-way information lysine to the standard loaf. Why? Prior perts is rejected by the people. From flow and did not rely so heavily on to that, the FDA had allowed the addithis account of the study plan, it could written communication. tion of vitamins for enrichment Thompson states that the “lesson in and the addition of sodium propionate to almost have been predicted. From the model of planned change human described by Lippitt et al. (1), several the confrontation between ‘experts’ and trouble rural Americans is the most valuable It would There were at least two relevant client piece of base-line data to emerge from . need for systems, the Chester County Water Rethe study.” It is, indeed, one more expopulace, but for those governmental sources Authority (WRA) and the resiample of a now classic situation. Unagencies which lack vision and have dents of the basin. A change relationfortunately, it is not new. The municiat the same time the power to veto the ship was established by the Institute for pal water supply fluoridation issue has vision of others. spots are immediately clear. relations which as out of Environmental Studies (IES) only with many the former. A substantial planning in urban areas. The change amount of similarities, came does prevent the standard loaf from molding when sliced and packaged. appear that the greatest education is not for freeway the PAUL B. HAMILTON Alfred I. du Pont Institute of diagnosis and the development of the attempts in other countries cited in the the Nemours Foundation, P. O. proposed solution apparently took place valuable collection edited by Niehoff Box 269, Wilmington, Delaware 19899 before the change relationship was es- (2) are also similar, despite major cultablished tural differences. even with the WRA. The requirement that 80 percent or more Reference It would appear that planning in the of the landholders sell easements made United 1t almost impossible to begin working profit toward change in a small way to demof social scientists who have an appreonstrate proposed ciation of the role they could play, who change. Had the IES been undertaking are willing to become involved in such only the an seeking value academic of the exercise, implementation concentration on of physical, without the plan, States and greatly from efforts, and who are allowed to make | economic, Department of Stanford University, most planning studies, the Brandywine study seemed Civil Engineering, tion should have been pursued jointly. It is becoming fashionable to speak of including social scientists on angles in Woodhenge and Canterbury Cathedral, I would like to add some of gorean marvels (“Megalithic plan unto have implementation as an ultimate a good plan and effective implementathe Okra Patch my own to Borst’s collection of Pytha- Stanford, California 94305 derlying References goal. If this was so, the twin goals of Pythagorean Marvels in In addition to the Pythagorean tri- GENE E. WILLEKE fied. like could contributions their proper contribution. and legal studies might have been justiHowever, elsewhere the 1. H. F. Eichenwald and P. C. Fry, Science 163, 644 (1969). Canterbury Cathedral,” 7. Feb., p. 567). 1. R. Lippitt, J. Watson, B. Westley, The Dynam-. ics of Planned Change (Harcourt, Brace and World, New York, 1958). 2. H. Niehoff, Ed., A Casebook of Social Change (Aldine, Chicago, 1966). the the following manner: There are two clothes poles in her backyard which are 10.8 feet apart. She plants a 1-foot planning team. This will not necessarily half circle of okra around one post, a guarantee success in either planning or 2-foot half circle of okra around the implementation (especially if the social scientist is proper not allowed to make his contribution). It seems clear, Lysine Enrichment: other, and connects them with two barely curving arcs of okra. For the next A Vision Still ring, she plants a 3-foot half circle of however, that in the case of the Brandywine Basin a sociologist knowledgeable Abelson’s editorial (4 Apr., p. 17), okra around the first post, a 4-foot half which emphasized the worldwide imcircle of okra around the second post in portance of the recent article “Nutriand connects them, and so forth. the processes of innovation diffusion, planned change, (1), was perspica- Until Borst pointed it out, I never tion behavior could have made a significant contribution. He could first cious and timely. I agree that people realized that she planted her okra in must be the Woodhenge oval corresponding to have (i) identified the two (or more) things at 16 MAY 1969 and communication and learning” educated the to eat the proper time, proper and the the Pythagorean triangle with sides

10.8 feet, 57.8 feet, and 58.8 feet (see SCIENTIST'S BEST FRIEND anything they could, including castor computation). On Mondays when it is oil and tallow. The wicks were of any not raining, she also hangs her wash on capillary material —papyrus waste, rope, two and wool were used, and the wick might posts, creating a truly beautiful speccontain sulfur to help it catch. There tacle. were many nauseous possibilities. . . . the clothesline connecting the KIFFIN A. ROCKWELL Department of History, Northern Illinois University, Dekalb 60115 e + e e AN ISCO | GOLDEN RETRIEVER University Gains from Federal Research A realistic discussion of the indirect costs of project grants should include a consideration of the indirect benefits that the institution derives from such projects. In his examination of the Mansfield Amendment, Pettit states that the university is not the grantee (“Congress, costs,” 21 ISCO's golden fraction collector is the cutest furry kind of retriever. (x +1)? = x? + (10.8)? measures only 13 x 26 inches. X + 2x + 1 = x° + 116.64 Any tube from 13 to 18 mm diam- 2x = 115.64 eter will fit without adapters. It different controllers,. either | MICHAEL P. FROMAN With regard to the report “Bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) ventilation: and diaphragm, perform How what physicians have long called “frog breathing.” FRANK COLE Lincoln General Hospital, ratchets, or levers to wear or be- Lincoln, Nebraska 68502 Four hundred years Aristotle wrote: “Mares SPECIALTIES Co., INC. 4700 SUPERIOR LINCOLN, NEBRASKA 68504 equipvested in the title is original grantee institution. This is not the only or the most important of the indirect benefits that accrue to grantee institutions because of the federally supported research and training activities of their principal investigators or program directors. It is at least a defensible argument that the benefits thus received by grantee institutions roughly comwhy before Pliny, miscarry at the scent of an extinguished lamp; this happens also to some women.” This is the probable source of Pliny and others who make the same remark 21 Mar.) . . indirect costs of those activities. This, in fact, may be one reason, as important as academic competition, Odoriferous Ancient Lamps almost anything spilled on them. INSTRUMENTATION usually waived and customarily the The Delrin racks can withstand Write for brochure FC37, of pensate them for their contribution to is Ya” thick solid aluminumyou — from $650 to $850. ability is the come unsynchronized. The base Two models are available, priced release as an indirect subsidy, since accountgears: there are no chains, belts, resists stains and wear. institutional equipment may certainly be regarded Frogs and Humans of the use of their intercoastal muscles can’t damage it. Its gold anodized found it very difficult or impossible to their projects, even if these projects are that people do who, having lost most finish experienced active and are to be continued in the new institution. 1 submit that such retrieve from two columns simulwith just one motor and two spur have Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35401 taneously. Both lateral and transverse movement is accomplished institution ment purchased with funds awarded for 1223), frogs breathe exactly the way will research 913 36th Avenue, a and hospital, obtain does the frog breathe?” (14 Mar., p. pattern college, nonprofit the truth of this definition and have The removable racks circulate in continuous or investigators who have transferred to which are in their own cabinets . main unit for remote operation. university, agency, another of and can be removed from the indirect institution. . . .” (1). Some principal x = 57.8 will count drops, multiple siphon “the public y" =x° + (10.8)? It will hold 210 test tubes but each tube. It is available with two and 1301). According to the Public Health Service a grantee will become your pal faster than discharges, or time intervals for confusion, Mar., p. (Letters, . Montagu will find out about lamps if he plows on through the Natural History. The ancients preferred | clear olive oil for lighting, but burned universities refuse grants or have not contracts agreed to providing what they consider only partial reimbursement of indirect costs. Ä ANTONIO E, CoLÁS University of Wisconsin Medical School, 1300 University Avenue, Madison 53706 Reference 1. U.S. Public Health Serv. Publ. No. 1301, rev. SCIENCE, VOL. 164